Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a growing global health concern that often develops silently over time. Many people are unaware they have it until significant kidney damage has already occurred. Your kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste, balancing fluids, and maintaining blood pressure—when they stop working properly, it affects your entire body.

Stages of CKD

CKD is classified into 5 stages, based on the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), a measure of how well the kidneys are filtering.

Stage 1: Normal or high GFR (≥90) with some kidney damage

Stage 2: Mild decrease in GFR (60-89)

Stage 3: Moderate decrease in GFR (30-59)

Stage 4: Severe reduction in GFR (15-29)

Stage 5: Kidney failure (GFR <15) — also called End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

Common Causes

Diabetes (Type 1 or 2) – Most common cause

High blood pressure

Glomerulonephritis – Inflammation of the kidney's filtering units

Polycystic kidney disease – Genetic disorder

Prolonged use of certain medications (like NSAIDs)

Recurrent kidney infections or obstructions

Symptoms (Often appear in later stages)

Fatigue

Swelling in the knees, feet, or face

Changes in urination (more or less frequent)

Shortness of breath

Nausea or vomiting

Itchy skin

Metallic taste in the mouth

Muscle cramps

Diagnosis

Blood tests: To check creatinine and estimate GFR

Urine tests: To detect protein or blood

Imaging: Ultrasound or CT scan of kidneys

Kidney biopsy: In some cases

Treatment & Management

There is no cure for CKD, but progression can be slowed through

Controlling underlying conditions (diabetes, hypertension)

Low-sodium, low-protein diet

Medications: ACE inhibitors, ARBs, phosphate binders

Lifestyle changes: Regular exercise, quitting smoking, reducing alcohol

Dialysis or Kidney Transplant: Required in ESRD (Stage 5)

Prevention Tips

Manage blood sugar and blood pressure

Stay hydrated

Avoid overuse of painkillers

Get regular kidney function tests if at risk

Maintain a healthy diet and weight

How to Get Help for Your Mental Health with CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease)

Taking care of your mental health is just as important as managing your physical health—especially when living with a chronic condition like CKD. Reaching out for help is a strong and positive step.

✅ Talk to Your Doctor

Your kidney doctor (nephrologist) or primary care physician can refer you to a psychologist, psychiatrist, or counsellor who understands the mental health needs of people with chronic illnesses.

✅ Speak with a Social Worker

Hospitals and dialysis centres often have social workers on staff. They can help you find mental health resources, support groups, or financial aid if needed.

✅ Ask a Friend or Family Member

Someone you trust may already know a reliable mental health professional. Personal referrals can lead to quality care.

✅ Explore Online Support

Join CKD-related forums, social media groups, or community websites where you can ask for therapist recommendations or share your experience with others who understand.

✅ Check with Your Insurance Provider

Your health insurance company can give you a list of covered mental health professionals in your area.

✅ Search Online

Use trusted websites like PsychologyToday.com, BetterHelp, or your local mental health board to find qualified professionals near you.

✅ Don’t Wait for Symptoms—Protect Your Kidneys Today

Chronic Kidney Disease can quietly damage your body for years before showing symptoms. However, with early detection, lifestyle modifications, and proper care, you can slow its progression and lead a healthy life. Protect your kidneys—your health depends on them.